Internal-combustion engine.



R. G. GASKILL.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED Nov. 14. 1910.

1,004,564. Patented oct.3,1911.

2 SHEETS-*SHEET 1.

MM/MQM- v I Snowman.

I R.v G. GASKILL.

INTERNAL GOMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED 11011.14, 1910.

1,004,564. Patented 001. 1911.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

the invention has for its primary objects to RAYMOND GIFFOBD GASKILL, OF PORT DEPOSIT, MARYLAND.

a INTEBNALeCOMBUSTIGN ENGINE.

Specioation of Letters Patent.

Patented oet. 3, 1911.

Applicationfled November 14. 1910. Serial No.'592,898'.

and useful .improvements in internal com'-y bustion engines of the two-cycle type, and

provide novel and improved means for maintaining the charges in av thorou hly mixed,f heated and highly explosive con ition under i initial andrelativelyl slight pressure pre-4 paratory to their .admission into the working cylinder; and to provide means for effectively eliminating compression at the base or exhaust end of the cylinder, thereby avoiding the faults and disadvantages incidental to such compression.

Another main object of the'iiivention is an e ine of this character embodying im- .prove means for formin a partial vacuum in the exhaust chamber o the cylinder during a portion of t-he piston stroke, whereby, when the exhaust ports are open, the cyll inder will be instantly and 'effectively' scavengedand the exhaust muiiled, the course of the burned gases being followed by a cleannew mixture `until the piston has again closed the exhaust ports on its compression stroke, andthe intake valve has again closed. And the invention also has for its object, more specifically considered, a simple and effective construction and correlated arrangement of initial-compression blower "and exhaust suction blower, thelsame servin to thoroughly mix the gas and muille the exhaust, and insuring the prompt iilling of "the cylinder with new gas and the speedy removal of the lburned or'spent'gases, therelby developing the maximum horse power 'and'increasing the general eiiziciency of the 'en ine.

ith these and other objects in view as will more fully appear as the description proceeds, the invention consists in certain constructions, ari'an ements and 'combinations of the parts t at I shall hereinafter fully describe and claim.

For a full understanding of the invention,

reference is to be had to the following de'- sclilipltion and accompanying drawings, in w ic r vaccommodated in an en Fi tio n a view of one form or embodiment of my invention; Fig. 2 is a horizontal sectional View, the section being taken through the series of exhaust ports and through the exhaust chamber; Fig. 3 4is a vertical sec? tional v iew of another form of the invention; Fig. 4 is a vertical longitudinal section illustrati another form;' and, Fig. 5 is an enlarged etail sectional View of a part of that form of trated in Fig. 4.

Corresponding Aand like parts are referred to in the following descri tion and indithe same reference characters.

In the accompanying drawings, the enne 1s illustrated as of the vertical"ty e ralthough it is to be understood that t e invention is not limited thereto) 1 designating the working c linder, and 2 an air-ti ht gas chamber whic is secured to the c' lin er 1 at the intake end of the latter. he intake port 3 which admits the char es and which establishes communication the gas chamber 2 and the cylinder 1, is controlled by anintake valve 4'which,' in that embodiment of the invention illustrated -iii Fig. lfis provided with a stem encircling spring 5 arranged to close the valve, as

cated in all the views of te drawings by shown, and a head 5% which is designed for intermittentengagement by a cam -6 on a transversely extending shaft 7 journaled in suitablesupportsin the gas chamber 2. The shaft 7 Vextends outwardly from the chamber 2, its protruding end carrying 'a bevel pinion 8 which meshes with a cortween ure 1 is a vertical iengaudinal secthe. invention which is illusresponding pinion 9 on a'blower shaft 10.

The shatlO 4extends through the intake pipe 11 which referably leads from ay carbureter, (not s own). The cylinder 1 is'.

formed on a line which defines one end of the piston stroke, with'a circumferentially extending` series of exhaust'por'ts *12, the saine leading out into an annular exhaust chamberv 13 which surrounds the cylinder and which is preferablyl an integral -part thereof, l with an exhaust pipe 14 through which the blower shaft 10 also extends, as .clearly illustratedv in the drawin Blowers 15 and 16 are connected tot e shaft 10, the

blower 15 being mounted in a chamber 17 with' which the intake pipe 11 is provided, and the blower 16 being correspondingly arged portion or The chamber 13 communicates i lOl Y The blower shaft may be driven 1n any desired way, as byv a relatively small bevel pinion 19 secured to the lower end of the shaft and meshing with a corresponding butrelatively large pinion 20 secured to the main driven shaft'21 of the engine. 22 designates the cranks of said shaft that are connected to the pitman or piston rod 23 of the working piston 24 that is mounted to reciprocate in the cylinder 1.l

From as much -of'the description as has preceded, togetherwith the related views of the accompanying drawings, it will be understood .that in the practical operation of my improved internal combustion engine,

the rotation of the drive shaft 21 will im' part a rotary movement to` the blower shaft 10 and at a relatively high speed, the blower 15 serving'to flltthe gas chamber 2 with a thoroughly mixed, heated and highly `explosive charge under'initial and slight Vcompression, and the blower 16 serving to produce a partial vacuum in the exhaust chamber 13. As the piston 24 moves down on its working stroke, it will finally uncover the exhaust ports 12, whereupon the partial vacuum in the exhaust chamber-13 will tend to instantly and effectively draw out and -expel the burned gases, while at the same time the intake valve will be opened and the course of the spent gases will bel followed by the charge in the ygas chamber 2. Upon the return andV compression stroke of the piston 24, the exhaust ports 12 will be closed. and the intake valve 4 will be permitted to close, the fans 15 and 16 at once again acting to fill the gas chamber 2 and to'create the partial vacuum int-he exhaust chamber 13. While I prefer that the fan shaft 10 rotate continuously, it is to be understood that my invention is not limited in this regard.

It is also to be understood that the invention is not limited to any specific details of construction and arrangement and combination of the parts, except as defined by the scopev of the appended claims. For instance, as illustrated in Fig. 3, where 1 designates the cylinder, 2a the gas chamber and 3a the intake port, theintake valve designated 4, while spring pressed to closed position, may be automatically opened by the sole action of the piston, without any mechanical accessory to accomplish this result. Again, as illustrated in Fig. 4, I may employ, instead of the intake fan 15, a vibratory fan mechanism which includes ar diaphragm 25 of sheep-skin or the like, secured in the chamber 18" ofthe intake pipe 11b in any desired way, as by a gasket or ring 26, the diaphragm being formed with a'preferably centrally disposed opening, the wall of which is defined by a ring 27 constituting a valve seat for a vibrating lugs 'tirely open,

valve 28.. The valve 28 is freely movable to a limited extent toward and away from the lvalve seat 27 and is retained in operative relation to the seat by means of hooked 29 secured tjo the valve seat, as clearly illustrated in Fig. 4. A spider 30 .connects the valve seat 27 with a connecting rod 31, the latter being provided at one end with an eccentric collar 32 mounted on an' eccentric 33 secured to the adjoining, end of the blower shaft 10. *The direct communication between the intake pipe and the gas chamber 2* is controlled'by a spring lclosed inlet valve 34. It will thus be seen that 'as the blower -shaft 10b rotates, the vibratory movement imparted thereby to the ldiaphragm 25-1w1ll be transmitted from the diaphragm to the valve 28, and there will r be set up a rapidly recurring series of gusts or beats which will ac t to force gas from atively low compression.I v

The base of the engine is preferably enthe cylinder being supported on the base in any desired way, vertical rods 35. y J n It will be seen that I have provided a simple and efficient internal combustion engine` the intake pipe into the chamber 2", the gas bein thoroughly mixed and maintained inl a highly explosive condition under relas by the in which Athe construction and arrangement f vof parts hereinbefore described insure the complete withdrawal of the spent gases from `the working cylinder, accompanied by a thorough muliiing of the exhaust, the introyduction .into the cylinder of clean new mixv tures for explosion therein, the completel separation of the burned charges from the in` coming charges, and an effective conservation of the heat units', the parts being rendered extremely accessible, it being only necessaryv to disconnect the piston rod from the crank shaft, in order to'withdraw4 the piston from the cylinder through the open base end of the latter.

The blowers 15 and 16 are centrifugally acting. It will be noted that the connection from the carbureter enters at the axis of the centrifugal intake blower 15, and that the connection from the exhaust ports enters at the axis of the centrifugally acting exhaust blower 16, the discharge in each instance extending from the` circumference. In one case, the suction is exerted on the new gasv from the carbureter, and in the other, the suction force is exer on the` exhaust gases.

Relative to the v' rating blower, it will be apparent that as he spider 30 is moved toward the valve 34, the valve 28 will be held against its seat and thereby force a blast of gas toward the valve 34 which will pass into the chamber 2b. In the outward movement of the spider, the valve 28 Will be permitted to open, -and consequently the charge will pass freely between the valve and its seat and no ap reciable blast in the opposite direction will produced. Hence as this valve 28 is rapidly vibrated, a rapid succession of gusts will directed toward the valve 34'and passed into the chamber 2*.

`Having thus described the invention, what is claimed as new is 1. In an internal combustion engine, a cylinder rovided yatits intake end with a gas cham r and at its outlet end with an exhaust chamber, the cylinder bein formed with an intake opening leading from the as chamber and with an exhaust port leadlng to the exhaust chamber, intake and exhaust pipes leadin respectively, into and from the gas and ex aust chambers, a blower shaft extendin through both of said pipes, blowers secure to said shaft and mounted in the respective pipes, means for rotating said blower-shaft, a piston mounted in the cylinder and adapted yto uncover the exhaust ort, and an intake valve controlling the intake opening.

2. In an internal combustion engine, a cylinder provided with a gas chamber, and an intake valve providing communication between the cylinder and said chamber, the cylinder being formed with a circumferentlally extending series of exhaust ports and with an annular exhaust chamber surrounding and communicating with said ports, an intake pipe connected to the gas chamber, an exhaust pipe connected to the exhaust chambersaid pipes being respectively pro-- c linder`being'formed with a circumferentlally extending series of exhaust ports and with an an `ular exhaust chamber surrounding and co municating with said ports, an intake pipe connected to the gas chamber, an

exhaust ipe connected to the exhaust chamber, sai pipes being respectively provided with chambers, -blowers mounted in the r'espective chambers, a blower shaft extendin'g through both of said pipesand connected toV the blowers, a` bevel plnlon connected to said blower shaft, a piston mounted in the cylinder and adapted to uncover the exhaust ports, a drive shaft connected to said piston, and a bevel pinion secured to the drive shaft and meshing with the pinion on the blower shaft. I

4. In 'an internal combustion engine, a cylinder provided with a gas chamber and an intake o ening leading into the cylinder from sai chamber, a. valve controlling said opening, an intake pipe leading to the gas chamber, a blower shaft extending into said pipe, anda blower mounted in said pipe, sald blower embodying a diaphra formed with a. valve seat, a vibratory va ve carried by the diaphragm and adapted to open and close saidV seat, and an eccentric connection f between the valve seat and blower shaft.

5. In an internal combustion engine, a cyl' inder, an intake pipe adapted to supply said cylinder with gas, a blower shaft extending into said pipe and provided therein with an eccentric, a flexible diaphragm secured in said pipe and provided with a valve seat, a vibratory valve carried by said diaphragm and adapted to open and close said seat, the valve seat being provided with hooked lugs arran ed to retain thevalve, a spider con- RAYMOND GIFFORD GASKILL. [1.. 5.]

l Witnesses:

W. N. WooDsoN, FREDERICK S. S'rri'r.l

sisI 

